{"id":11749,"date":"2025-04-09T17:03:32","date_gmt":"2025-04-09T09:03:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meishuwenxian.com\/?p=11749"},"modified":"2025-06-03T12:16:24","modified_gmt":"2025-06-03T04:16:24","slug":"%e5%85%88%e7%94%9f%ef%bc%9a%e6%9c%a8%e5%88%bb1930-1980","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meishuwenxian.com\/en\/%e5%85%88%e7%94%9f%ef%bc%9a%e6%9c%a8%e5%88%bb1930-1980\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5148\u751f\uff1a\u6728\u523b1930-1980"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/figure>
\n

\u5148\u751f\uff1a\u6728\u523b 1930-1980<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5c55\u671f\uff1a2024.12.31 – 2025.5.10<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Location\uff1aFine Arts Literature Art Center <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Producer\uff1aLiu Ming<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b56\u5c55\u4eba\uff1a\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Invited Comments\uff1aHu Ying<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5c55\u89c8\u6267\u884c\uff1a\u5434\u57a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b56\u5c55\u5c0f\u7ec4\uff1a\u51af\u7f18\u3001\u51af\u5b87\u3001\u5218\u9e3f\u8427\u3001\u6768\u6653\u4e91<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u5148\u751f\uff1a\u6728\u523b 1930-1980\u201d\u5c06\u4e8e2024\u5e7412\u670831\u65e5\u81f32025\u5e745\u670810\u65e5\u5728\u7f8e\u672f\u6587\u732e\u827a\u672f\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5c55\u51fa\uff0c\u7b56\u5c55\u4eba\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\uff0c\u7279\u9080\u8bc4\u8bba\u80e1\u83ba\u3002\u672c\u6b21\u5c55\u89c8\u662f\u7f8e\u672f\u6587\u732e\u827a\u672f\u4e2d\u5fc3\u9996\u6b21\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u7248\u753b\u7814\u7a76\u7cfb\u5217\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4ea6\u662f2024\u6b66\u6c49\u53cc\u5e74\u5c55\u5e73\u884c\u5c55\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6c47\u96c6\u4e86\u9ea6\u7ee5\u83b1\u52d2\u3001\u73c2\u52d2\u60e0\u652f\u3001\u80af\u7279\u7b49\u897f\u65b9\u7248\u753b\u5927\u5e08\u7ecf\u5178\u53ca\u674e\u6866\u3001\u53e4\u5143\u3001\u5f66\u6db5\u3001\u529b\u7fa4\u3001\u738b\u7426\u3001\u9a6c\u8fbe\u3001\u674e\u5c11\u8a00\u3001\u6b66\u77f3\u3001\u9ec4\u6c38\u7389\u3001\u674e\u7115\u6c11\u3001\u83ab\u6d4b\u3001\u5e7f\u519b\u3001\u9ec4\u65b0\u6ce2\u3001\u9648\u5929\u7136\u3001\u67e5\u4e16\u94ed\u3001\u8463\u514b\u4fca\u3001\u5218\u8ff0\u6770\u3001\u84dd\u7389\u7530\u3001\u5b8b\u6069\u539a\u7b4950\u4f59\u4f4d\u4e2d\u56fd\u7248\u753b\u5148\u8f88\u4e8e\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u81f380\u5e74\u4ee3\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u8fd1\u767e\u4ef6\u8457\u540d\u4f5c\u54c1\u548c\u6587\u732e\u53f2\u6599\u3002\u672c\u6b21\u5c55\u89c8\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f53\u4ee3\u7f8e\u5b66\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u4f9d\u5faa\u7248\u753b\u827a\u672f\u53f2\u8109\u7edc\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7a76\u6728\u523b\u7248\u753b\u672c\u4f53\u8bed\u8a00\u53ca\u521b\u4f5c\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b17\u53d8\u4e0e\u65f6\u4ee3\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u81f4\u656c\u65b0\u5174\u6728\u523b\u4e4b\u5148\u751f\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u4f20\u627f\u7248\u753b\u5148\u751f\u4e4b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7cbe\u795e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Exhibition Site<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Partial exhibits<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>
\n

\u524d\u8fdb\u66f2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u674e\u6866<\/p>\n\n\n\n

24\u00d720.2cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1936<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>
\n

Untitled<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u73c2\u52d2\u60e0\u652f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

40\u00d726cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1930<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>
\n

Untitled<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u80af\u7279<\/p>\n\n\n\n

18.5\u00d713.5cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1930s<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>
\n

\u996e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u529b\u7fa4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

34\u00d726.3cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1940<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>
\n

\u90bb\u5c45<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u67e5\u4e16\u94ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n

41\u00d739.5cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1980<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>
\n

\u9648\u5929\u7136<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5957\u8019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

28.5\u00d745cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1956<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>
\n

\u6323\u624e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u674e\u6866<\/p>\n\n\n\n

22.2\u00d729.3cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1947<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>
\n

\u6652\u65b0\u68c9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b66\u77f3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

48\u00d748cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1967<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>
\n

\u5ef6\u5b89\u9c81\u827a\u6821\u666f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u529b\u7fa4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

22.5\u00d713.9cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1941<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>
\n

\u70e7\u65e7\u5730\u5951<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53e4\u5143<\/p>\n\n\n\n

31.5\u00d721.8cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1947<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>
\n

\u6218\u9ec4\u6cb3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u674e\u6866<\/p>\n\n\n\n

52\u00d737cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1959<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>
\n

\u91cd\u5efa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u674e\u5c11\u8a00<\/p>\n\n\n\n

44\u00d731.7cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1942<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>
\n

\u8282\u65e5<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u674e\u5e73\u51e1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

43\u00d739cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1980<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>
\n

\u593a\u7cae<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u84dd\u7389\u7530<\/p>\n\n\n\n

50\u00d785cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1961<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>
\n

\u5ba3\u5316\u5e97<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9648\u65b9\u65e2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

45.7\u00d746.5cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1960-70s<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>
\n

\u96c1\u5f52\u6765<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u674e\u7115\u6c11<\/p>\n\n\n\n

32.5\u00d756cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1984<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

Essay<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u5148\u751f\uff1a\u6728\u523b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2014\u2014\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u672c\u6b21\u5c55\u89c8\u5c55\u51fa1930\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0d1980\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6728\u523b\u7248\u753b\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a1930\u5e74\uff0d1949\u5e74\u65e9\u671f\u65b0\u5174\u6728\u523b\uff1b1950\u5e74\uff0d1977\u5e74\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u6728\u523b\u53d8\u9769\u65f6\u671f\uff1b1978\u5e74\uff0d1980\u5e74\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u521d\u671f\u6728\u523b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1931\u5e74\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u9c81\u8fc5\u5148\u751f\u9080\u8bf7\u65e5\u672c\u53cb\u4eba\u5185\u5c71\u5609\u5409\u7ed9\u4e2d\u56fd\u6728\u523b\u9752\u5e74\u5f00\u8bbe\u6728\u523b\u8bb2\u4e60\u73ed\uff0c\u5e76\u4eb2\u81ea\u4efb\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u4ece\u6b27\u7f8e\u8d2d\u4e70\u7248\u753b\u539f\u4f5c\u7ed9\u5b66\u5458\u4eec\u89c2\u6469\uff0c\u5e76\u96c6\u7ed3\u6210\u518c\uff0c\u503e\u529b\u63a8\u5e7f\u3002\u53f6\u5723\u9676\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u8bc4\u8bf4\u7684\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u6728\u523b\u827a\u672f\u90fd\u5e76\u975e\u627f\u88ad\u672c\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u662f\u53d7\u5916\u6765\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u662f\u523b\u624b\u517c\u753b\u624b\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6c38\u8fdc\u8bb0\u4f4f\u9c81\u8fc5\u5148\u751f\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u5916\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5370\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6728\u523b\u9009\u96c6\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u9752\u5e74\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u7740\u624b\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5ef6\u8bf7\u80fd\u624b\u6307\u6388\u6280\u6cd5\uff0c\u5168\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u529f\u52b3\u3002\u201d\u672c\u6b21\u5c55\u89c8\u7684\u6587\u732e\u53f2\u6599\u90e8\u5206\u4e5f\u5c55\u51fa\u73c2\u52d2\u60e0\u652f\u3001\u80af\u7279\u548c\u9ea6\u7ee5\u83b1\u52d2\u7684\u6728\u523b\u539f\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65e9\u671f\u65b0\u5174\u6728\u523b\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u897f\u65b9\u7248\u753b\u5927\u5e08\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u73b0\u72b6\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u72b9\u5982\u5315\u9996\u6295\u67aa\uff0c\u5145\u6ee1\u529b\u91cf\u4e0e\u6597\u5fd7\u3002\u5c55\u89c8\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u662f\u4ece\u4f5c\u8005\u5bb6\u5c5e\u3001\u673a\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u5185\u5c71\u5609\u5409\u5bb6\u65cf\u85cf\u54c1\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6311\u9009\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5177\u5386\u53f2\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u53cc\u91cd\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u4ee4\u4eba\u73cd\u60dc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5c55\u89c8\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u8fd8\u6709\u8457\u5f55\u4e8e1946\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u6297\u6218\u516b\u5e74\u6728\u523b\u9009\u96c6\u300b\u7cbe\u88c5\u672c\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6728\u523b\uff0c\u5f53\u5e74\u5728\u4e0a\u5343\u4ef6\u7684\u6728\u523b\u7248\u753b\u4e2d\u6311\u9009\u51fa100\u5e45\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fe\u5f55\u3002\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u6297\u6218\u516b\u5e74\u95f4\u9664\u4e86\u6728\u523b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u9020\u578b\u827a\u672f\u90fd\u663e\u5f97\u5341\u5206\u840e\u7f29\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u5b9a\u6297\u6218\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u5176\u6210\u679c\u76f4\u63a5\u662f\u6218\u540e\u5efa\u8bbe\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6728\u523b\u5728\u8fd9\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u6210\u957f\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u662f\u6700\u4f7f\u4eba\u5174\u594b\u7684\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ece\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6728\u523b\u5c31\u662f\u652f\u6301\u7740\u884c\u5c06\u4e0b\u5760\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u9020\u578b\u827a\u672f\u7684\u4e00\u80a1\u65b0\u751f\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u66f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6728\u523b\u900f\u9732\u7740\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5149\u8f89\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u753b\u518c\u4e2d\u670975\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u6b66\u77f3\u5148\u751f\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6297\u6218\u4e4b\u540e\u4ed6\u6765\u5230\u6e56\u5317\u30021980\u5e74\u6211\u8003\u5165\u6e56\u5317\u7f8e\u672f\u5b66\u9662\u7248\u753b\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u5218\u660e\u548c\u6211\u662f\u540c\u5b66\uff0c\u6b66\u77f3\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u672c\u6b21\u5c55\u51fa\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u5efa\u8bbe\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u6728\u523b\u3002\u6b66\u6c49\u81ea\u5f00\u57e0\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6587\u5316\u53d8\u9769\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u91cd\u9547\uff0c1934\u5e74\uff0d1935\u5e74\uff0c\u4e24\u6b21\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6d41\u52a8\u6728\u523b\u5c55\u89c8\u4f1a\u90fd\u66fe\u5728\u6b66\u6c49\u4e3e\u529e\u30021937\u5e74\uff0d1942\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u534e\u5168\u56fd\u6728\u523b\u754c\u6297\u654c\u534f\u4f1a\u5728\u6b66\u6c49\u5f00\u5c55\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0e\u5c55\u89c8\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u7684\u6b66\u660c\u827a\u672f\u4e13\u79d1\u5b66\u6821\uff08\u6e56\u5317\u7f8e\u672f\u5b66\u9662\u524d\u8eab\uff09\u4e5f\u5f00\u8bbe\u4e86\u6728\u523b\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u6b66\u660c\u827a\u672f\u4e13\u79d1\u5b66\u6821\u5b66\u5458\u5bb6\u5c5e\u6536\u85cf\u7684\u6728\u523b\u7248\u753b\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c1\u8bc1\u90a3\u4e00\u6bb5\u5386\u53f2\u30021960\u5e74\u6e56\u5317\u7f8e\u672f\u5b66\u9662\u6210\u7acb\u7248\u753b\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u9648\u5929\u7136\u3001\u84dd\u7389\u7530\u3001\u6b66\u77f3\u3001\u5e08\u7fa4\u3001\u5218\u8ff0\u6770\u7b49\u4efb\u6559\u5e08\uff0c\u7248\u753b\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e0e\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u5927\u80cc\u666f\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6f5c\u5fc3\u7814\u7a76\u6728\u523b\u7248\u753b\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u4e0e\u521b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5386\u7ecf\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5728\u6e56\u5317\u751f\u53d1\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u6728\u523b\u72ec\u7279\u98ce\u683c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5bf9\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\u4e0e\u6559\u5b66\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5c55\u89c8\u4e2d\u7684\u6728\u523b\u53d8\u9769\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u65e9\u671f\u65b0\u5174\u6728\u523b\u4e00\u8def\u8d70\u6765\u7684\u5148\u751f\u4eec\uff0c\u5982\u674e\u6866\u3001\u53e4\u5143\u3001\u5f66\u6db5\u3001\u529b\u7fa4\u3001\u6b66\u77f3\u7b49\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd9\u65f6\u66f4\u5173\u6ce8\u5e73\u51e1\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u611f\u53d7\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u8f6c\u53d8\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f50\u5e74\u4ee3\u6210\u957f\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u9648\u5929\u7136\u3001\u725b\u6587\u3001\u5218\u8ff0\u6770\u3001\u674e\u5e73\u51e1\u3001\u84dd\u7389\u7530\u548c\u5b8b\u6069\u539a\u7b49\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6728\u523b\u7a81\u51fa\u751f\u6d3b\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u548c\u6728\u523b\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u5851\u9020\u3002\u6e56\u5317\u6728\u523b\u7248\u753b\u878d\u5165\u8bd7\u8bcd\u4e66\u9053\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5199\u751f\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u521b\u4f5c\uff0c\u9648\u5929\u7136\u5148\u751f\u7531\u6b64\u5f00\u5148\u6cb3\uff0c\u7ee7\u5218\u8ff0\u6770\u3001\u6234\u69d0\u6c5f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u5199\u610f\u6728\u523b\u8d8b\u4e8e\u6210\u719f\u5e76\u6210\u4e3a\u6728\u523b\u7248\u753b\u7684\u98ce\u683c\u7279\u8272\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b8b\u6069\u539a\u3001\u4ed8\u52c7\u3001\u79b9\u5b63\u51ef\u7b49\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u6b66\u94a2\u4e00\u51b6\u5de5\u4e1a\u7248\u753b\u8868\u73b0\u51b6\u91d1\u751f\u4ea7\u5efa\u8bbe\u9898\u6750\u521b\u4f5c\u7fa4\u4f53\u800c\u9887\u53d7\u5173\u6ce8\u3002
\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u521d\u671f\u7684\u6728\u523b\u662f\u5bf9\u65e9\u671f\u65b0\u5174\u6728\u523b\u548c\u6728\u523b\u53d8\u9769\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u4e0e\u81ea\u89c9\u7684\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u521b\u4f5c\u66f4\u52a0\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9898\u6750\u65b9\u9762\u5747\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u529b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e7f\u519b\u3001\u67e5\u4e16\u94ed\u3001\u8463\u514b\u4fca\u3001\u8d3e\u56fd\u4e2d\u3001\u6234\u69d0\u6c5f\u7b49\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u76f8\u5bf9\u66f4\u52a0\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u98ce\u683c\u4e0e\u5bf9\u65e2\u6709\u9898\u6750\u518d\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f00\u59cb\u5927\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7684\u6728\u523b\u521b\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u4ee3\u7248\u753b\u5bb6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7248\u753b\u827a\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u627f\u524d\u542f\u540e\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ece1930\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0d1980\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5386\u65f6\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6728\u523b\u7248\u753b\u827a\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6b63\u59821946\u5e74\u300a\u6297\u6218\u516b\u5e74\u6728\u523b\u9009\u96c6\u300b\u524d\u8a00\u6240\u8bf4\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff1a\u201c\u7531\u4e8e\u6240\u5904\u7684\u56fd\u5ea6\u548c\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6728\u523b\u5bb6\u548c\u6587\u827a\u4f5c\u5bb6\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e00\u8d2f\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u7740\u53cd\u5e1d\u53cd\u5c01\u5efa\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4ece\u6b63\u9762\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u8d2f\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u7740\u4e89\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u628a\u6728\u523b\u827a\u672f\u8ba4\u4f5c\u65e0\u6240\u4e3a\u800c\u4e3a\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u6240\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u628a\u6728\u523b\u827a\u672f\u8ba4\u4f5c\u4e89\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u867d\u662f\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5374\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4ef6\u827a\u672f\u54c1\u3002\u201d\u56de\u671b\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6728\u523b\u7248\u753b\uff0c\u5148\u751f\u4eec\u811a\u8e0f\u5b9e\u5730\uff0c\u52c7\u4e8e\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u4f7f\u7248\u753b\u827a\u672f\u65e2\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7f8e\u672f\u53d8\u9769\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5148\u950b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u6210\u5c31\u4e86\u7248\u753b\u827a\u672f\u8bed\u8a00\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u6210\u719f\u6f14\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c55\u89c8\u662f\u5148\u751f\u4eec\u6728\u523b\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6728\u523b\u7248\u753b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2024\u5e7412\u670820\u65e5\u4e8e\u6b66\u6c49<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n

Essay<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u6728\u523b\u7684\u5e95\u8272\u2014\u2014\u80e1\u83ba \u6e56\u5317\u7f8e\u672f\u9986\u526f\u9986\u957f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

20\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u7ecf\u7531\u9c81\u8fc5\u5148\u751f\u7684\u5021\u5bfc\u548c\u63a8\u4ecb\u56fd\u5916\u7248\u753b\uff0c\u65b0\u5174\u6728\u523b\u8fd0\u52a8\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u4eec\u4ee5\u6728\u523b\u4e3a\u5a92\u4ecb\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u793e\u4f1a\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u6728\u523b\u7248\u753b\u7531\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u590d\u5236\u8f6c\u5411\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u827a\u672f\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6728\u523b\u66f4\u591a\u3001\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u6765\u81ea\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u7248\u753b\u827a\u672f\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u5386\u7ecf\u6297\u6218\u7684\u6d17\u793c\u4e0e\u6dec\u70bc\u3001\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\u4e0e\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u601d\u60f3\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u6d6a\u6f6e\uff0c\u8fc5\u901f\u5b9e\u73b0\u672c\u571f\u5316\uff0c\u5728\u5438\u6536\u5916\u6765\u548c\u501f\u9274\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u7740\u793e\u4f1a\u73b0\u5b9e\u5e76\u4e0d\u65ad\u521b\u65b0\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u7248\u753b\u7684\u827a\u672f\u8bed\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7f8e\u672f\u6587\u732e\u827a\u672f\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u201c\u5148\u751f\u00b7\u6728\u523b\u201d\u5c55\u89c8\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a\u65e9\u671f\u65b0\u5174\u6728\u523b\u3001\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u6728\u523b\u53d8\u9769\u65f6\u671f\u548c\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u521d\u671f\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5448\u73b020\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u81f380\u5e74\u4ee3\u91cd\u8981\u7248\u753b\u5bb6\u7684\u6728\u523b\u539f\u4f5c\u8fd1100\u4ef6\uff0c\u8f83\u4e3a\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u68b3\u7406\u4e86\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u6728\u523b\u7248\u753b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8109\u7edc\uff0c\u4e5f\u76f8\u5bf9\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u5448\u73b0\u4e86\u5176\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5386\u53f2\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u6f14\u53d8\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002\u7a7f\u63d2\u5176\u95f4\u7684\u662f\u4e24\u6761\u4e0e\u5730\u57df\u7f8e\u672f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\uff1a\u65b0\u5174\u6728\u523b\u4e0e\u6b66\u6c49\u6297\u6218\u7f8e\u672f\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u4ee5\u6765\u81f3\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u521d\u671f\u6e56\u5317\u7248\u753b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65e9\u671f\u65b0\u5174\u6728\u523b\u4e0e\u5f53\u65f6\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u9769\u547d\u6597\u4e89\u7d27\u5bc6\u76f8\u8fde\uff0c\u6ce8\u91cd\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u63cf\u7ed8\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6279\u5224\u7cbe\u795e\u548c\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u3002\u9c9c\u660e\u7684\u9769\u547d\u6027\u548c\u6218\u6597\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u6027\u662f\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u70b9\uff1b\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u827a\u672f\u4ef7\u503c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5e94\u88ab\u906e\u853d\uff0c\u4f17\u591a\u6728\u523b\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u53c2\u4e0e\u5176\u95f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u9ed1\u767d\u5bf9\u6bd4\u548c\u7c97\u72b7\u6709\u529b\u7684\u5200\u6cd5\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u753b\u9762\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u529b\u548c\u51b2\u51fb\u529b\uff0c\u7a81\u51fa\u4e3b\u9898\u548c\u60c5\u611f\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u4e00\u6279\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u65b0\u5174\u6728\u523b\u5728\u6e56\u5317\uff0c\u4e0e1937\u5e747\u6708\u6297\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u81f31938\u5e7410\u6708\u6b66\u6c49\u6ca6\u9677\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6b66\u6c49\u6297\u6218\u7f8e\u672f\u8fd0\u52a8\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u8be5\u65f6\u671f\u5168\u56fd\u5404\u5730\u5343\u4f59\u540d\u6587\u827a\u754c\u4eba\u58eb\u6c47\u96c6\u6b66\u6c49\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e2d\u534e\u5168\u56fd\u6587\u827a\u3001\u620f\u5267\u3001\u7535\u5f71\u3001\u7f8e\u672f\u3001\u6f2b\u753b\u3001\u6728\u523b\u7b49\u5341\u6570\u4e2a\u6297\u654c\u534f\u4f1a\uff0c\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u62a5\u520a\u8fbe200\u4f59\u79cd\u3002[1]1938\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u6b66\u6c49\u7684\u6728\u523b\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u4ee5\u201c\u4e03\u6708\u793e\u201d\u540d\u4e49\uff0c\u5728\u6c49\u53e3\u6c11\u4f17\u6559\u80b2\u9986\u4e3e\u529e\u201c\u6297\u654c\u6728\u523b\u753b\u5c55\u89c8\u4f1a\u201d\uff0c\u5c55\u51fa\u4f5c\u54c1300\u4f59\u4ef6[2]\uff1b4\u670816\u65e5\uff0c\u201c\u6b66\u6c49\u6728\u523b\u4eba\u8054\u8c0a\u4f1a\u201d\u5728\u6c49\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5f53\u65e5\u665a\u95f4\u53ec\u5f00\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\uff0c\u8bae\u51b3\u4e86\u6570\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u9879\u4fbf\u662f\u201c\u5f00\u6728\u523b\u7814\u7a76\u73ed\uff0c\u4e8e\u672c\u670825\u65e5\u5f00\u73ed\u201d[3]\uff0c\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u4f1a\u7406\u4e8b\u529b\u7fa4\u3001\u9a6c\u8fbe\u7b49\u5728\u6c49\u53e3\u6d2a\u76ca\u5df7\u5c0f\u5b66\u4e3e\u529e\u6728\u523b\u5b66\u4e60\u73ed\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6297\u6218\u65f6\u671f\u6b66\u6c49\u5f00\u5c55\u8f83\u65e9\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u7f8e\u672f\u6559\u80b2\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u540c\u5e746\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u201c\u4e2d\u534e\u6728\u523b\u754c\u6297\u654c\u534f\u4f1a\u201d\u5728\u6c49\u53e3\u6210\u7acb[4]\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3e\u529e\u201c\u5168\u56fd\u6297\u654c\u6728\u523b\u5c55\u89c8\u4f1a\u201d\uff0c\u5c55\u51fa\u4f5c\u54c1800\u4f59\u5e45\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u529b\u7fa4\u3001\u9a6c\u8fbe\u3001\u674e\u6866\u3001\u90b9\u96c5\u3001\u9ec4\u65b0\u6ce2\u3001\u6e29\u6d9b\u7b49\u7684\u6728\u523b\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5747\u5728\u6b66\u6c49\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u5927\u516c\u62a5\u300b\u300a\u65b0\u534e\u65e5\u62a5\u300b\u300a\u4e03\u6708\u300b\u300a\u6297\u6218\u6f2b\u753b\u300b\u300a\u6218\u6597\u753b\u62a5\u300b\u300a\u6218\u6597\u65ec\u520a\u300b\u300a\u534a\u6708\u6587\u6458\u300b\u300a\u6587\u827a\u6708\u520a\u00b7\u6218\u65f6\u7279\u520a\u300b\u300a\u65f6\u4e8b\u6708\u62a5\u300b\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7a7a\u519b\u300b\u7b49\u62a5\u520a\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5c55\u89c8\u4ee5\u674e\u6866\u521b\u4f5c\u4e8e1936\u5e74\u7684\u300a\u524d\u8fdb\u66f2\u300b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u300a\u6323\u624e\u300b\uff081947\u5e74\uff0c\u300a\u6012\u6f6e\u300b\u7ec4\u753b\u4e4b\u4e00\uff09\u4e3a\u5f00\u7bc7\u30021934\u5e74\uff0c\u674e\u6866\u4e8e\u5e7f\u5dde\u7ec4\u7ec7\u201c\u73b0\u4ee3\u7248\u753b\u4f1a\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u9c81\u8fc5\u5148\u751f\u901a\u4fe1\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\u4ece\u4e8b\u65b0\u5174\u6728\u523b\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u4f5c\u54c1\u9898\u6750\u591a\u53d6\u81ea\u6218\u5730\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5f90\u60b2\u9e3f\u66fe\u79f0\u5176\u201c\u5c24\u7cbe\u4e8e\u954c\u827a\uff0c\u5021\u5bfc\u7248\u753b\u4e4b\u6700\u529b\u8005\u4e5f\u201d\u3002\u300a\u524d\u8fdb\u66f2\u300b\u7b80\u6d01\u521a\u52b2\u7684\u5200\u6cd5\u3001\u7ed3\u5b9e\u660e\u5feb\u7684\u753b\u98ce\u3001\u594b\u529b\u5450\u558a\u7684\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u89c9\u9192\u548c\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u6e34\u671b\uff0c\u662f\u65f6\u4ee3\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u751f\u52a8\u5199\u7167\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ed6\u6700\u4e3a\u95fb\u540d\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u300a\u6012\u543c\u5427\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\uff01\u300b\uff081935\uff09\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u611f\u4eba\u529b\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65e9\u671f\u65b0\u5174\u6728\u523b\u5b66\u4e60\u501f\u9274\u5916\u56fd\u6728\u523b\u827a\u672f\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u6b27\u6d32\u8868\u73b0\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4e49\u7b49\u827a\u672f\u6d41\u6d3e\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5728\u5f62\u5f0f\u548c\u6280\u5de7\u4e0a\u5747\u6709\u5438\u6536\u3002\u5c55\u89c8\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5e76\u7f6e\u5448\u73b0\u5bf9\u65b0\u5174\u6728\u523b\u8fd0\u52a8\u6709\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u4e09\u4f4d\u56fd\u5916\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u4f5c\u54c1\uff1a\u51ef\u7ee5\u00b7\u73c2\u52d2\u60e0\u652f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u5bcc\u4e8e\u6297\u4e89\u7cbe\u795e\u548c\u8868\u73b0\u6bcd\u7231\u7684\u60b2\u6006\u800c\u6df1\u6c89\u7684\u7248\u753b\u95fb\u540d\u4e8e\u4e16\uff0c\u628a\u5979\u7684\u7248\u753b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u6765\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u662f\u9c81\u8fc5\u5148\u751f\u3002\u6c5f\u4e30\u5728\u300a\u6211\u7231\u73c2\u52d2\u60e0\u652f\u7684\u827a\u672f\u300b[5]\u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\u56de\u5fc6\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u9c81\u8fc5\u628a\u8fd9\u7ec4\u539f\u4f5c\u5e26\u5230\u5f53\u5e74\u516b\u6708\u4e3e\u529e\u7684\u6728\u523b\u8bb2\u4e60\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7ed9\u5b66\u5458\u4eec\u89c2\u6469\uff0c\u5e76\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u73c2\u52d2\u60e0\u652f\u7684\u751f\u5e73\u548c\u827a\u672f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u4e86\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u94a6\u4f69\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u73c2\u52d2\u60e0\u652f\u4e43\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u827a\u672f\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u699c\u6837\u3002\u201d\u6d1b\u514b\u5a01\u5c14\u00b7\u80af\u7279\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd20\u4e16\u7eaa\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4e49\u827a\u672f\u4f20\u7edf\u94fe\u6761\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4e00\u73af\uff0c\u4eba\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u662f\u4ed6\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u663e\u8457\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u300a\u65e0\u9898\u300b\uff081930s\uff09\u4e2d\u5149\u8000\u9ed1\u767d\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u548c\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u660e\u6697\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\uff0c\u4f7f\u4f18\u7f8e\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u9020\u578b\u548c\u80cc\u666f\u8fbe\u5230\u9ad8\u5ea6\u548c\u8c10\u3002\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u6cd5\u6717\u58eb\u00b7\u9ea6\u7ee5\u83b1\u52d2\u4ee5\u523b\u5200\u89e3\u5256\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u5904\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u753b\u9762\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8282\u594f\u548c\u97f5\u5f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u529b\u7fa4\u66fe\u4e8e1938\u5e744\u6708\u5230\u6b66\u6c49\uff0c\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u90e8\u7b2c\u4e09\u5385\u505a\u5ba3\u4f20\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u53c2\u52a0\u7b79\u5efa\u4e2d\u534e\u5168\u56fd\u6728\u523b\u754c\u6297\u654c\u534f\u4f1a\u3002\u5176\u6728\u523b\u591a\u8868\u73b0\u5e95\u5c42\u4eba\u6c11\u82e6\u96be\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0e\u594b\u8d77\u53cd\u6297\uff0c\u4ee5\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u300a\u996e\u300b\uff081940\uff09\u3001\u300a\u5ef6\u5b89\u9c81\u827a\u6821\u666f\u300b\uff081941\uff09\u5747\u662f\u5176\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u3002\u529b\u7fa4\u66fe\u57281938\u5e745\u67087\u65e5\u300a\u65b0\u534e\u65e5\u62a5\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u6211\u8981\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd\u2014\u2014\u5173\u4e8e\u6297\u6218\u6728\u523b\u5c55\u89c8\u4f1a\u300b\u4e00\u6587\uff0c\u8c08\u53ca\u6728\u523b\u5236\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u8ba4\u771f\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5b81\u53ef\u5c11\u6765\u51e0\u5e45\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f04\u5f97\u70ed\u95f9\u800c\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7c97\u5236\u6ee5\u9020\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6297\u6218\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u826f\u5584\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f5c\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u76ca\u5904\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u662f\u8ba4\u771f\u7684\u5236\u4f5c\u3002\u51d1\u70ed\u95f9\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u56fa\u7136\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f70\u52a8\u4e00\u65f6\uff0c\u51fa\u70b9\u98ce\u5934\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6bd5\u7adf\u50cf\u673d\u6728\u505a\u7684\u6865\u6881\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u7ecf\u4e0d\u8d77\u4e45\u7528\u7684\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53e4\u5143\u662f\u5ef6\u5b89\u6728\u523b\u6700\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u753b\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4e0d\u5c11\u4f5c\u54c1\u56e0\u4e3a\u6d53\u90c1\u7684\u4e61\u571f\u6c14\u606f\u3001\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e0e\u5730\u57df\u7279\u8272\u6210\u4e3a\u65b0\u5174\u7248\u753b\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u3002\u300a\u70e7\u65e7\u5730\u5951\u300b\uff081947\uff09\u4ee5\u89e3\u653e\u6218\u4e89\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u571f\u5730\u6539\u9769\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e3a\u80cc\u666f\u521b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5347\u817e\u7684\u706b\u7130\uff0c\u6572\u9523\u6253\u9f13\u3001\u6b22\u547c\u96c0\u8dc3\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u519c\u6c11\u9769\u547d\u80dc\u5229\u7684\u620f\u5267\u6027\u573a\u9762\u3002\u738b\u5f0f\u5ed3\u300a\u6539\u9020\u4e8c\u6d41\u5b50\u300b\u521b\u4f5c\u4e8e1943\u5e74\uff0c\u521d\u4e3a\u9ed1\u767d\u6728\u523b\uff0c\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u4e8c\u6d41\u5b50\u8f6c\u53d8\u300b\uff1b1947\u5e74\u53c8\u5236\u6210\u5957\u8272\u6728\u523b\uff0c\u6539\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u6539\u9020\u4e8c\u6d41\u5b50\u300b\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u5ef6\u5b89\u5927\u751f\u4ea7\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\u7fa4\u4f17\u6539\u9020\u201c\u4e8c\u6d41\u5b50\u201d\u7684\u5178\u578b\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6709\u5f53\u4e8b\u8005\u3001\u6709\u56f4\u89c2\u8005\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ec4\u4eba\u7269\u59ff\u6001\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u751f\u52a8\u3002\u674e\u5c11\u8a00\u66fe\u6295\u8eab\u6297\u6218\uff0c\u4ece\u5317\u5e73\u5230\u8fbe\u9655\u7518\u5b81\u8fb9\u533a\uff0c\u523b\u5236\u4e86\u664b\u7ee5\u8fb9\u533a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5f20\u90ae\u7968\uff08\u6bdb\u4e3b\u5e2d\u6b63\u9762\u50cf\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u91cd\u5efa\u300b\uff081942\uff09\u5373\u662f\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\u521b\u4f5c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u738b\u7426\u300a\u77f3\u5de5\u300b\uff081945\uff09\u3001\u90b9\u96c5\u300a\u5e2e\u52a9\u519b\u5c5e\u626c\u573a\u300b\uff081946\uff09\u3001\u5f66\u6db5\u300a\u5206\u7cae\u56fe\u300b\uff081947\uff09\u7b49\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5ef6\u5b89\u6728\u523b\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u9769\u547d\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u63a8\u8fdb\u800c\u53d1\u5c55\u58ee\u5927\uff0c\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u4eec\u5728\u5ef6\u5b89\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5927\u4f17\u5316\u7684\u7f8e\u672f\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8be5\u90e8\u5206\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u6728\u523b\u3002\u7ae0\u897f\u5393\u5728\u6297\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u6295\u8eab\u6297\u65e5\u5ba3\u4f20\u7684\u7248\u753b\u548c\u6f2b\u753b\u521b\u4f5c\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u4e0a\u6d77\u6f2b\u753b\u754c\u6551\u4ea1\u534f\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u6297\u65e5\u6f2b\u753b\u5ba3\u4f20\u961f\u3002\u5176\u4f5c\u54c1\u4ee5\u53d8\u5f62\u5938\u5f20\u548c\u88c5\u9970\u6027\u3001\u6292\u60c5\u6027\u76f8\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u827a\u672f\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9ec4\u6c38\u7389\u7b49\u3002\u9ec4\u6c38\u73891947\u5e74\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u53c2\u52a0\u4e2d\u534e\u5168\u56fd\u6728\u523b\u534f\u4f1a\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u521b\u4f5c\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0e\u6728\u523b\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7248\u753b\u660e\u663e\u53d7\u5230\u5176\u901f\u5199\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u4fca\u7f8e\u521a\u52b2\u7684\u7ebf\u6761\u3001\u6d53\u90c1\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6c14\u606f\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u770b\u4f3c\u8f7b\u677e\u3001\u5e7d\u9ed8\u7684\u753b\u9762\u80cc\u540e\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u73b0\u5b9e\u3001\u4eba\u6027\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6d1e\u5bdf\u4e0e\u601d\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8c<\/strong>
\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u6728\u523b\u7248\u753b\u6709\u51e0\u70b9\u660e\u663e\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u7531\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u6295\u67aa\u201d\u201c\u5315\u9996\u201d\u7684\u6218\u6597\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u8f6c\u5411\u548c\u5e73\u5efa\u8bbe\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u3002\u4e8c\u662f\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u4ee5\u6b4c\u9882\u65b0\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u6210\u5c31\u3001\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u751f\u6d3b\u3001\u52b3\u52a8\u573a\u666f\u4ee5\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\u7684\u65b0\u4eba\u65b0\u4e8b\u7b49\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u53cd\u6620\u5de5\u519c\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u805a\u7126\u5de5\u519c\u5927\u4f17\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u52b3\u52a8\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u3001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u7b49\uff0c\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4e09\u662f\u827a\u672f\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5199\u5b9e\u4e0e\u6292\u60c5\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5728\u53cd\u6620\u793e\u4f1a\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6ce8\u91cd\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u548c\u610f\u5883\u7684\u8425\u9020\uff0c\u4f7f\u4f5c\u54c1\u66f4\u5177\u827a\u672f\u611f\u67d3\u529b\uff1b\u6280\u672f\u6280\u5de7\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u4e5f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6728\u523b\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u827a\u672f\u6548\u679c\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u827a\u672f\u4e2d\u6c72\u53d6\u8425\u517b\uff0c\u878d\u5408\u6c11\u95f4\u827a\u672f\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u9010\u4ef6\u5f62\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u57df\u7684\u7279\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5218\u5c98\u662f\u6728\u53e3\u6728\u523b\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c1939\u5e74\u5949\u8c03\u5ef6\u5b89\uff0c\u6267\u6559\u4e8e\u9c81\u827a\uff0c\u521b\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u6279\u53cd\u6620\u6297\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u548c\u5ef6\u5b89\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff1b\u540c\u5e7411\u6708\u6bdb\u4e3b\u5e2d\u9605\u540e\u66fe\u4eb2\u7b14\u9898\u8bcd\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4e0d\u61c2\u6728\u523b\u7684\u9053\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u559c\u6b22\u770b\u6728\u523b\u3002\u5218\u5c98\u540c\u5fd7\u6765\u8fb9\u533a\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u7ee7\u7eed\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4e3a\u521b\u9020\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u65b0\u827a\u672f\u800c\u594b\u6597\u3002\u201d[6]\u300a\u96ea\u591c\u957f\u57ce\u300b\uff081950-1960s\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u805a\u70b9\u6210\u7ebf\u3001\u805a\u7ebf\u6210\u9762\u6765\u6784\u6210\u753b\u9762\uff0c\u5bcc\u6709\u5c42\u6b21\u611f\u548c\u7acb\u4f53\u611f\u3002\u7ec6\u817b\u7684\u6392\u7ebf\u4e0e\u5200\u6cd5\u7684\u758f\u5bc6\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u96ea\u591c\u4e2d\u957f\u57ce\u7684\u8d28\u611f\u548c\u5149\u5f71\u53d8\u5316\uff1b\u96ea\u82b1\u7eb7\u7eb7\u626c\u626c\u5730\u98d8\u843d\uff0c\u8f7b\u76c8\u7075\u52a8\uff1b\u5d07\u5c71\u5cfb\u5cad\u95f4\u7684\u957f\u57ce\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u96ea\u7684\u8986\u76d6\u4e0b\u66f4\u663e\u575a\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u590f\u540c\u5149\u7684\u300a\u5341\u4e09\u9675\u6c34\u5e93\u5de5\u5730\u300b\uff081958\uff09\u4ee5\u5b8f\u5927\u7684\u573a\u9762\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u7684\u78c5\u7934\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4f17\u591a\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u9f50\u5fc3\u534f\u529b\u4e3a\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u5efa\u8bbe\u6dfb\u7816\u52a0\u74e6\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4ee4\u4eba\u9707\u64bc\u3002\u5e84\u5143\u8d1e\u7684\u300a\u5de5\u95f4\u300b\uff081956\uff09\u6355\u6349\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u52b3\u4f5c\u95f4\u9699\u77ed\u6682\u4f11\u606f\u65f6\u7684\u751f\u52a8\u77ac\u95f4\uff1b\u5b8b\u6069\u539a\u7684\u300a\u5e08\u5f92\u300b\uff081964\uff09\u7740\u91cd\u523b\u753b\u4e86\u5e08\u5f92\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u627f\u6280\u827a\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u6e29\u6696\u60c5\u8c0a\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u5de5\u4eba\u961f\u4f0d\u4e2d\u6280\u672f\u4f20\u627f\u548c\u56e2\u7ed3\u4e92\u52a9\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff1b\u674e\u6866\u7684\u300a\u6218\u9ec4\u6cb3\u300b\uff081959\uff09\u8868\u73b0\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u6cbb\u7406\u9ec4\u6cb3\u8fd9\u4e00\u4f1f\u5927\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u82f1\u52c7\u548c\u51b3\u5fc3\uff0c\u300a\u94bb\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u534a\u8fb9\u5929\u300b\uff081977\uff09\u5219\u7a81\u51fa\u4e86\u5973\u6027\u5de5\u4eba\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u79ef\u6781\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f5c\u54c1\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u4ece\u5927\u578b\u5de5\u5730\u5efa\u8bbe\u573a\u666f\u5230\u805a\u7126\u201c\u4eba\u201d\u7684\u594b\u6597\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ee5\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u827a\u672f\u89c6\u89d2\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5efa\u8bbe\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u58ee\u4e3d\u753b\u5377\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u738b\u9ea6\u79c6\u7684\u300a\u5c0f\u5148\u751f\u300b\uff081950s\uff09\u3001\u66fe\u666f\u521d\u7684\u300a\u4e61\u6751\u6258\u513f\u6240\u300b\uff081953\uff09\u3001\u5434\u51e1\u7684\u300a\u513f\u79d1\u533b\u751f\u300b\uff081958\uff09\u3001\u725b\u6587\u7684\u300a\u6b22\u4e50\u7684\u85cf\u65cf\u513f\u7ae5\u300b\uff081959\uff09\u548c\u674e\u7115\u6c11\u7684\u300a\u5c0f\u5b66\u751f\u300b\uff081959\uff09\u7b49\uff0c\u5219\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u5ea6\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u8be5\u65f6\u671f\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u533b\u7597\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4ee5\u53ca\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u626b\u76f2\u8fd0\u52a8\u548c\u666e\u53ca\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5404\u6c11\u65cf\u5171\u540c\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u6539\u5584\u4eba\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u65b0\u6c14\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5c55\u89c8\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u5bf9\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u4ee5\u6765\u81f3\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u521d\u671f\u6e56\u5317\u7248\u753b\u53d1\u5c55\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7c97\u7565\u7684\u68b3\u7406\uff1a\u6709\u4ece\u6218\u65f6\u8d70\u6765\u7684\u7248\u753b\u5bb6\u6b66\u77f3\u3001\u5e08\u7fa4\uff0c\u6709\u5357\u4e0b\u7248\u753b\u5bb6\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u9648\u5929\u7136\u3001\u5218\u8ff0\u6770\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u6e56\u5317\u7248\u753b\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u84dd\u7389\u7530\u3001\u9648\u65b9\u65e2\u3001\u6234\u69d0\u6c5f\u3001\u67e5\u4e16\u94ed\u7b49\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u201c\u4e00\u51b6\u201d\u5de5\u4eba\u7248\u753b\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u5b8b\u6069\u539a\u3001\u5085\u52c7\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b66\u77f3\u66fe\u4e8e1942\u5e74\u53c2\u52a0\u65b0\u56db\u519b\uff0c\u4efb\u9102\u8c6b\u8fb9\u533a\u300a\u4e03\u4e03\u62a5\u300b\u7f8e\u672f\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u4ee5\u6728\u523b\u548c\u6f2b\u753b\u4f5c\u54c1\u5ba3\u4f20\u6297\u65e5\uff1b\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u540e\u521b\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u6279\u8868\u73b0\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5efa\u8bbe\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4ee5\u5957\u8272\u6728\u523b\u300a\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6839\u94a2\u6881\u300b\uff081957\uff09\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u5728\u300a\u6652\u65b0\u68c9\u300b\uff081967\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d01\u767d\u7684\u65b0\u68c9\u5728\u9633\u5149\u4e0b\u71a0\u71a0\u751f\u8f89\uff0c\u4e30\u6536\u65f6\u8282\u7684\u559c\u60a6\u8dc3\u7136\u7eb8\u4e0a\u3002\u5e08\u7fa4\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u6765\u81ea\u516b\u8def\u519b\u7684\u6728\u523b\u5bb6\uff0c\u521b\u4f5c\u4e8e1960-1970\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u300a\u8f6c\u79fb\u300b\u300a\u654c\u540e\u5ba3\u4f20\u961f\u300b\u4e0e\u4ed6\u7684\u9769\u547d\u7ecf\u5386\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u8868\u73b0\u6218\u4e89\u65f6\u671f\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u7269\u8d44\u7684\u8f6c\u79fb\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u63cf\u7ed8\u6297\u6218\u65f6\u671f\u5728\u654c\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u5ba3\u4f20\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u9648\u65b9\u65e21946\u5e74\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u56fd\u7acb\u827a\u4e13\u897f\u753b\u79d1\uff0c1955\u5e74\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7f8e\u534f\u6e56\u5317\u5206\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u4ece\u4e8b\u7f8e\u672f\u521b\u4f5c\u53ca\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4ed6\u7b14\u4e0b\u7684\u300a\u5ba3\u5316\u5e97\u300b\uff081960-1970s\uff09\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6e56\u5317\u7701\u5b5d\u611f\u5e02\u5927\u609f\u53bf\u5ba3\u5316\u5e97\u9547\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u539f\u519b\u533a\u65e7\u5740\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5468\u6069\u6765\u603b\u7406\u4e3a\u5236\u6b62\u5185\u6218\uff0c\u4e0e\u7f8e\u848b\u8c08\u5224\u65e7\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9648\u5929\u7136\u4e8e20\u4e16\u7eaa40\u5e74\u4ee3\u53c2\u52a0\u4e2d\u534e\u5168\u56fd\u6728\u523b\u534f\u4f1a\u51fd\u6388\u73ed\u5b66\u6728\u523b\uff0c50\u5e74\u4ee3\u6765\u5230\u6e56\u5317\uff0c60\u5e74\u4ee3\u7275\u5934\u7ec4\u5efa\u6e56\u5317\u827a\u672f\u5b66\u9662\u7f8e\u672f\u7cfb\u7248\u753b\u6559\u7814\u5ba4\u3002\u300a\u5957\u9776\u300b\uff081956\uff09\u4ee5\u5957\u8272\u6728\u523b\u5448\u73b0\u5728\u7530\u5730\u91cc\u4e3a\u8015\u725b\u5957\u8019\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u5b81\u9759\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u4e4b\u666f\u4e0e\u4eba\u7269\u52a8\u6001\u878d\u4e8e\u4e00\u4f53\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e00\u9996\u4f18\u7f8e\u7684\u7530\u56ed\u8bd7\u3002\u5218\u8ff0\u6770\u7684\u300a\u8328\u83c7\u300b\uff081963\uff09\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6c5f\u6c49\u5e73\u539f\u7269\u4ea7\u7684\u523b\u753b\u3002\u6148\u59d1\uff08\u6e56\u5317\u65b9\u8a00\u53c8\u79f0\u201c\u8328\u83c7\u201d\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u751f\u4e8e\u6e56\u6cca\u3001\u6c60\u5858\u3001\u6cbc\u6cfd\u3001\u6c9f\u6e20\u3001\u6c34\u7530\u7b49\u6c34\u57df\u7684\u8349\u672c\u690d\u7269\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5206\u5e03\u4e8e\u957f\u6c5f\u6d41\u57df\u53ca\u5176\u4ee5\u5357\u5404\u7701\u3002\u5728\u6211\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0c\u8328\u83c7\u662f\u513f\u65f6\u6625\u8282\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u4e00\u9053\u83dc\u80b4\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u9910\u684c\u4e0a\u5df2\u96be\u89c5\u5176\u8e2a\u8ff9\uff0c\u90a3\u79cd\u5fae\u82e6\u4e2d\u5e26\u7518\u7684\u5473\u9053\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002\u84dd\u7389\u7530\u7684\u300a\u6708\u591c\u8fd0\u80a5\u300b\uff081958\uff09\u4ee5\u9759\u8c27\u7684\u6708\u591c\u4e3a\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u63cf\u7ed8\u4eba\u4eec\u8f9b\u52e4\u52b3\u4f5c\u8fd0\u8f93\u80a5\u6599\u7684\u753b\u9762\u3002\u6708\u5149\u7684\u67d4\u548c\u4e0e\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u52b3\u4f5c\u8eab\u5f71\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u6c1b\u56f4\uff0c\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u7e41\u5fd9\u4e0e\u706b\u70ed\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u8fd8\u6709\u84dd\u7389\u7530\u7684\u300a\u79cb\u300b\uff081960\uff09\u3001\u300a\u593a\u7cae\u300b\uff081961\uff09\u3001\u300a\u6de1\u6c34\u517b\u9c7c\u300b\uff081962\uff09\u3001\u300a\u624e\u67b6\u300b\uff081963\uff09\u3001\u300a\u78a7\u6ce2\u8015\u8018\u300b\uff081978\uff09\u7b49\uff0c\u5747\u751f\u52a8\u5730\u5448\u73b0\u4e86\u6c5f\u6c49\u5e73\u539f\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u98ce\u5149\u3001\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bb0\u5f55\u65f6\u4ee3\u3001\u53cd\u6620\u5730\u57df\u7279\u8272\u7684\u73cd\u8d35\u827a\u672f\u7bc7\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u89e3\u653e\u4e0e\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4f7f\u6728\u523b\u7248\u753b\u6446\u8131\u4e86\u8f83\u4e3a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u9898\u6750\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u4e30\u5bcc\u591a\u6837\uff1b\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5728\u501f\u9274\u897f\u65b9\u73b0\u4ee3\u827a\u672f\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u827a\u672f\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u89c6\u548c\u6316\u6398\uff0c\u827a\u672f\u8bed\u8a00\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u6e10\u8d8b\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u3001\u591a\u5143\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u674e\u5e73\u51e1\u65e9\u671f\u4f5c\u54c1\u4ee5\u8868\u73b0\u52b3\u82e6\u5927\u4f17\u8270\u8f9b\u751f\u6d3b\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c20\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u540e\u521b\u4f5c\u4e86\u4f17\u591a\u513f\u7ae5\u9898\u6750\u7248\u753b\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u6b4c\u9882\u548c\u5e73\u3001\u63cf\u7ed8\u5e78\u798f\u751f\u6d3b\u30021959\u5e74\u300a\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u548c\u5e73\u300b\u83b7\u83b1\u6bd4\u9521\u56fd\u9645\u7248\u753b\u5927\u5c55\u94f6\u8d28\u5956\u7ae0\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7248\u753b\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u6700\u65e9\u83b7\u5956\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u521b\u4f5c\u4e8e1980\u5e74\u7684\u300a\u8282\u65e5\u300b\uff0c\u513f\u7ae5\u4e0e\u6c14\u7403\u6784\u6210\u753b\u9762\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u6e05\u65b0\u6d17\u7ec3\uff0c\u8272\u5f69\u660e\u5feb\u3002\u9ec4\u65b0\u6ce2\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65b0\u5174\u6728\u523b\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u4f5c\u54c1\u300a\u8d70\u51fa\u6e29\u5ba4\u7684\u73ab\u7470\u300b\uff081980\uff09\uff0c\u7f8e\u4e3d\u7684\u73ab\u7470\u4e0e\u72c2\u98ce\u5de8\u6d6a\u7684\u5927\u6d77\u5f62\u6210\u9c9c\u660e\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6784\u56fe\u65b9\u5f0f\u8ba9\u89c2\u8005\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u7a81\u7834\u4e0e\u6297\u4e89\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u73ab\u7470\u8d70\u51fa\u6e29\u5ba4\uff0c\u4eff\u4f5b\u6323\u8131\u4e86\u67d0\u79cd\u675f\u7f1a\uff0c\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u52c7\u6562\u6295\u8eab\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u6d6a\u6f6e\uff0c\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u575a\u97e7\u4e0e\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u5e7f\u519b\u300a\u6e05\u660e\u5fc6\uff0c\u6700\u5fc6\u662f\u4e19\u8fb0\u300b\uff081980\uff09\uff0c\u753b\u9762\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u662f\u4e00\u5ea7\u6865\u548c\u6253\u4f1e\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u9ed1\u767d\u5bf9\u6bd4\u9c9c\u660e\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u5c42\u6b21\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u8425\u9020\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u51dd\u91cd\u800c\u8083\u7a46\u7684\u6c1b\u56f4\u3002\u6865\u5728\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u66f4\u5177\u6709\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u6865\u5f80\u5f80\u8fde\u63a5\u7740\u6b64\u5cb8\u4e0e\u5f7c\u5cb8\uff0c\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e0e\u73b0\u5728\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u5b83\u4e5f\u8bb8\u627f\u8f7d\u7740\u4f5c\u8005\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u5386\u53f2\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u56de\u5fc6\u548c\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5f15\u5bfc\u7740\u89c2\u8005\u8de8\u8d8a\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u9e3f\u6c9f\uff0c\u53bb\u8ffd\u5bfb\u90a3\u4e9b\u66fe\u7ecf\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002\u6253\u4f1e\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u66f4\u591a\u88ab\u5904\u7406\u6210\u526a\u5f71\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f1e\u7684\u906e\u6321\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u548c\u8868\u60c5\u96be\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u8fa8\u8ba4\uff1a\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u5728\u96e8\u4e2d\u6c89\u601d\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u5728\u7f05\u6000\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u53c8\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u5728\u575a\u5b9a\u5730\u8d70\u5411\u672a\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u67e5\u4e16\u94ed\u300a\u90bb\u5c45\u300b\uff081980\uff09\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e29\u99a8\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5728\u5927\u6811\u7684\u63a9\u6620\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u9694\u7740\u9633\u53f0\u804a\u5929\u7684\u5973\u5b69\uff0c\u5f62\u8c61\u523b\u753b\u751f\u52a8\uff0c\u59ff\u6001\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u653e\u677e\u3002\u7e41\u5bc6\u7684\u5927\u6811\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a\u753b\u9762\u589e\u6dfb\u4e86\u4e00\u62b9\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u751f\u673a\u4e0e\u5b81\u9759\uff1b\u7ec6\u817b\u6d41\u7545\u800c\u5bcc\u6709\u97f5\u5f8b\u7684\u7ebf\u6761\uff0c\u5de7\u5999\u5730\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u548c\u5468\u56f4\u73af\u5883\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u6e05\u65b0\u7684\u8272\u8c03\u4e0e\u4e3b\u9898\u76f8\u5f97\u76ca\u5f70\uff0c\u70d8\u6258\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u8f7b\u677e\u3001\u6109\u60a6\u7684\u6c1b\u56f4\u3002\u5f66\u6db5\u300a\u70e7\u8352\u300b\uff081981\uff09\u6709\u7740\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u5f20\u529b\u3002\u8df3\u8dc3\u7684\u706b\u7130\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u52a8\u611f\u548c\u751f\u547d\u529b\uff0c\u5145\u6ee1\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u7ebf\u6761\u4eff\u4f5b\u662f\u706b\u7130\u5728\u98ce\u4e2d\u821e\u52a8\u7684\u8f68\u8ff9\uff0c\u7075\u52a8\u800c\u5954\u653e\u3002\u706b\u7130\u7684\u71c3\u70e7\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u53d8\u9769\u65f6\u671f\u4e00\u79cd\u7834\u65e7\u7acb\u65b0\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u9690\u55bb\u7740\u5bf9\u65e7\u6709\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u6253\u7834\u548c\u65b0\u751f\u547d\u3001\u65b0\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u5b55\u80b2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u674e\u7115\u6c11\u5957\u8272\u6728\u523b\u300a\u96c1\u5f52\u6765\u300b\uff081984\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u5c42\u6b21\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6de1\u7eff\u8272\u8c03\u4e2d\uff0c\u56db\u4f4d\u85cf\u65cf\u5973\u6027\u5728\u78a7\u7a7a\u7eff\u91ce\u7684\u6625\u5929\u9065\u671b\u96c1\u5f52\u6765\uff0c\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u5e45\u5145\u6ee1\u751f\u673a\u4e0e\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u7f8e\u597d\u753b\u5377\uff0c\u4f3c\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u6625\u98ce\u62c2\u8fc7\u5927\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u5c55\u89c8\u7684\u5c3e\u58f0\uff0c\u653e\u7f6e\u6709\u4e00\u5f20\u6234\u69d0\u6c5f\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u300a\u79cb\u610f\u300b\uff081987\uff09\uff0c\u5750\u5728\u5c0f\u8239\u4e0a\u6355\u9c7c\u7684\u4eba\u4e0e\u8302\u5bc6\u7684\u82a6\u82c7\uff08\u6216\u662f\u5176\u5b83\u6c34\u751f\u690d\u7269\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u5012\u5f71\u4e2d\u4ea4\u7ec7\u6210\u4e00\u5e45\u5b81\u9759\u7684\u6c5f\u6c49\u5e73\u539f\u79cb\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u8be5\u4f5c\u54c1\u7531\u672c\u6b21\u5c55\u89c8\u7b56\u5c55\u4eba\u3001\u6e56\u5317\u7f8e\u672f\u5b66\u9662\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u6559\u6388\u6536\u85cf\uff0c\u753b\u4e2d\u9898\u8bb0\uff1a\u201c\u6b64\u4ef6\u753b\u5e45\u662f\u6069\u5e08\u6234\u69d0\u6c5f\u53c2\u52a0\u5c55\u89c8\u540e\u9001\u8fd4\u7f8e\u9662\u7248\u753b\u7cfb\uff08\u6b66\u660c\u4e2d\u5c71\u8def374\u53f7\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u6211\u6536\u529e\uff0c\u5e76\u544a\u77e5\u4e8e\u6234\u5e08\uff0c\u5148\u751f\u7b11\u5c06\u753b\u4f5c\u8d60\u6211\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f97\u662f\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e5d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u7684\u4e8b\u4e86\u3002\u4eca\u641c\u770b\u65e7\u5377\uff0c\u4ee5\u7eaa\u5ff5\u6069\u5e08\u30022013\u5e743\u670817\u65e5\u201d\u8fd9\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6210\u4e3a\u9605\u8bfb\u5c55\u89c8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u4e3b\u9898\u76f8\u547c\u5e94\u7684\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u4ece\u5021\u5bfc\u65b0\u5174\u6728\u523b\u7684\u9c81\u8fc5\u5148\u751f\u5230\u7f8e\u672f\u53f2\u4e2d\u8033\u719f\u80fd\u8be6\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u6728\u523b\u7248\u753b\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\u7e41\u8363\u7684\u5148\u751f\u4eec\uff0c\u7531\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684\u5c0a\u79f0\u201c\u5148\u751f\u201d\u5230\u66f4\u52a0\u5177\u50cf\u5316\u7684\u5145\u6ee1\u6e29\u60c5\u7684\u5e08\u627f\uff0c\u7531\u5168\u56fd\u7684\u89c6\u91ce\u56de\u5f52\u5730\u57df\u3001\u4ea4\u878d\u4e8e\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u201c\u6b64\u65f6\u6b64\u5728\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u6734\u7d20\u800c\u5929\u4e0b\u83ab\u80fd\u4e0e\u4e4b\u4e89\u7f8e\u3002\u201d\uff08\u300a\u5e84\u5b50\u00b7\u5929\u9053\u300b\uff09\u7531\u9ed1\u767d\u62d3\u5370\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u6240\u751f\u53d1\u7684\u4e0d\u5f20\u626c\u800c\u6df3\u539a\u3001\u7ef5\u5ef6\u7684\u201c\u7f8e\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u6728\u523b\u6700\u4e3a\u6734\u7d20\u7684\u5e95\u8272\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5148\u751f\u4eec\u7684\u6728\u523b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u827a\u672f\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5173\u6ce8\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u6211\u3001\u4f20\u627f\u6587\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4ece\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u65f6\u5e8f\u66f4\u8fed\uff0c\u6f6e\u8d77\u6f6e\u843d\uff1b\u5176\u95f4\u4ea6\u8574\u542b\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c48\u4e0e\u6297\u4e89\uff0c\u6fc0\u8361\u4e0e\u6e29\u60c5\uff0c\u751f\u673a\u4e0e\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u4e0e\u5ef6\u7eed\u2026\u2026\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6d41\u901d\u800c\u5931\u53bb\u9b45\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u5e26\u6765\u53ef\u6c72\u53d6\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u548c\u667a\u6167\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6210\u4e3a\u5b58\u7559\u5728\u5178\u7c4d\u548c\u53f2\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u4e0e\u6587\u5b57\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u201c\u8fc7\u65f6\u201d\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u843d\u5e55\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6587\u5316\u4f20\u627f\u4e0e\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u6240\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u5148\u751f\u00b7\u6728\u523b\u201d\u5c55\u89c8\u7684\u7f18\u8d77\u548c\u6210\u578b\uff0c\u4e0e\u7f8e\u672f\u6587\u732e\u827a\u672f\u4e2d\u5fc3\u603b\u76d1\u5218\u660e\u5148\u751f\u51fa\u8eab\u7248\u753b\u4e13\u4e1a\u6709\u5173\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0e\u7b56\u5c55\u4eba\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u6559\u6388\u662f\u540c\u5b66\uff0c\u5747\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u6e56\u5317\u827a\u672f\u5b66\u9662\uff08\u73b0\u6e56\u5317\u7f8e\u672f\u5b66\u9662\uff09\u7f8e\u672f\u7cfb\u7248\u753b\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7248\u753b\u4e00\u76f4\u6709\u68b3\u7406\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u60c5\u7ed3\u3002\u5c55\u89c8\u7b79\u5907\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5218\u660e\u5148\u751f\u5728\u5f81\u96c6\u5c55\u54c1\u65f6\u8f97\u8f6c\u5954\u6ce2\u4e8e\u6b66\u6c49\u3001\u5317\u4eac\u4e24\u5730\u7684\u4e00\u8154\u5b64\u52c7\u4e0e\u6267\u7740\u70ed\u5ff1\uff0c\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u6559\u6388\u5728\u8c08\u53ca\u6e56\u5317\u7248\u753b\u6545\u4e8b\u65f6\u7684\u6ed4\u6ed4\u4e0d\u7edd\u548c\u58f0\u60c5\u5e76\u8302\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u611f\u6168\u3002\u6211\u60f3\uff0c\u7f8e\u672f\u6587\u732e\u827a\u672f\u4e2d\u5fc3\u662f\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u575a\u5b88\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u672c\u6b21\u5c55\u89c8\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u6709\u5728\u56de\u987e\u4e2d\u5448\u73b0\u7684\u7f8e\u672f\u53f2\u68b3\u7406\uff0c\u6709\u4e0e\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u5730\u57df\u7684\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u5728\u201c\u81f4\u656c\u201d\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0e\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f\u5176\u5728\u6b66\u6c49\u575a\u630120\u4f59\u5e74\u5e76\u6210\u4e3a\u57ce\u5e02\u827a\u672f\u751f\u6001\u4e2d\u6709\u76ca\u6784\u6210\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u671b\u5148\u751f\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u539f\u521b\u6728\u523b\u6700\u4e3a\u6734\u7d20\u7684\u7406\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1] \u5f20\u541f\u5348.\u6b66\u6c49\u6297\u6218\u7f8e\u672f\u8fd0\u52a81938[M].\u6b66\u6c49\uff1a\u6e56\u5317\u7f8e\u672f\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2015\u5e741\u6708\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u4e3a\u6e56\u5317\u7f8e\u672f\u9986\u7b56\u5212\u7f16\u64b0\u768420\u4e16\u7eaa\u6e56\u5317\u7f8e\u672f\u6587\u732e\u96c6\u7cfb\u5217\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]\u300a\u5927\u516c\u62a5\u300b\u5148\u540e\u4e8e1938\u5e741\u67088\u65e5\u30011\u67089\u65e5\u520a\u767b\u201c\u6297\u654c\u6728\u523b\u753b\u5c55\u89c8\u4f1a\u201d\u5e7f\u544a\u4e0e\u5c55\u89c8\u7279\u520a\uff1b\u300a\u65b0\u534e\u65e5\u62a5\u300b\u4e8e1938\u5e741\u670811\u65e5\u521b\u520a\u53f7\u53d1\u8868\u8be5\u62a5\u8bb0\u8005\u300a\u201c\u6297\u654c\u6728\u523b\u753b\u5c55\u89c8\u4f1a\u201d\u5c0f\u8bb0\u300b\u4e00\u6587\uff0c1\u670813\u65e5\u520a\u51fa\u201c\u6297\u654c\u6728\u523b\u753b\u5c55\u89c8\u4f1a\u201d\u7279\u520a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]\u300a\u65b0\u534e\u65e5\u62a5\u300b1938\u5e744\u670817\u65e5\u520a\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]\u300a\u5927\u516c\u62a5\u300b1938\u5e746\u670812\u65e5\u520a\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5] \u520a\u8f7d\u4e8e\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u7f8e\u672f\u300b1979\u5e74\u7b2c2\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6] \u674e\u5141\u7ecf.\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u7248\u753b\u53f2[M].\u592a\u539f\uff1a\u5c71\u897f\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1996\uff1a206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2025\u5e742\u670826\u65e5\u4fee\u6539\u5b8c\u7a3f\u4e8e\u6e56\u5317\u7f8e\u672f\u9986<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\n

\u5173\u4e8e\u7b56\u5c55\u4eba<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167 <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1984\u5e74\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u6e56\u5317\u7f8e\u672f\u5b66\u9662\u7248\u753b\u7cfb\uff0c1989\u5e74\u7ed3\u4e1a\u4e8e\u4e2d\u592e\u7f8e\u672f\u5b66\u9662\u7248\u753b\u7cfb\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7f8e\u672f\u5bb6\u534f\u4f1a\u7248\u753b\u827a\u59d4\u4f1a\u7b2c\u56db\u5c4a\u3001\u7b2c\u4e94\u5c4a\u59d4\u5458\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4f1a\u7248\u753b\u827a\u672f\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458\u3001\u6e56\u5317\u7f8e\u672f\u5b66\u9662\u7248\u753b\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\u3001\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u8428\u7701\u5927\u5b66\u827a\u672f\u4e0e\u4eba\u6587\u5386\u53f2\u7cfb\u5ba2\u5ea7\u6559\u6388\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3b\u8981\u5c55\u89c8<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2022    \u9020\u5883\u2014\u2014\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u827a\u672f\u5c55\uff0c\u6e56\u5317\u7f8e\u672f\u9986<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2018    \u8d70\u5411\u8352\u539f\u2014\u2014\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u7eb8\u4e0a\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7248\u753b\u535a\u7269\u9986<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2017    \u5982\u662f\u00b7\u6211\u95fb\u2014\u2014\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c55\uff0c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u8428\u7701\u5927\u5b66KENDERDINE\u7f8e\u672f\u9986 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

2016    \u65b0\u666f\u89c2\u5370\u8c61\u2014\u2014\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c55\uff0c\u5357\u975e\u4edf\u50d6\u96c5\u603b\u90e8<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2015    \u666f\u89c2\u00b7\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u5199\u751f\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c55\uff0c\u6b66\u6c49\u4edf\u50d6\u96c5\u753b\u5eca<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2015    \u63a9\u6625\u5370\u75d5\u00b7\u60c5\u4eba\u8282\u7cfb\u5217\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c55\uff0c\u6210\u90fd\u81f3\u7384\u753b\u5eca<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2014    \u58f9\u5e74\u00b7\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c55\uff0c\u6b66\u6c49\u7f8e\u672f\u9986<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2014    \u51a5\u60f3\u00b7\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u827a\u672f\u5c55\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u65af\u6ce2\u574eJundt\u827a\u672f\u535a\u7269\u9986<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2013\u30012014    \u97e9\u56fd\u851a\u5c71\u56fd\u9645\u6728\u7248\u753b\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c55<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2012    \u6fb3\u95e8\u9996\u5c4a\u56fd\u9645\u7248\u753b\u4e09\u5e74\u5c55<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2012    \u539f\u70b9\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u4e0a\u6d77\u56fd\u9645\u7248\u753b\u5c55<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2012    \u4ece\u5317\u6e1a\u51fa\u53d1\u2014\u2014\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u827a\u672f\u5c55\uff0c\u6b66\u6c49\u94bb\u77f3\u827a\u672f\u535a\u7269\u9986<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2012    \u7b2c\u4e00\u5c4a\u6e56\u5317\u827a\u672f\u8282\u4f18\u79c0\u7f8e\u672f\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c55\u695a\u5929\u6587\u534e\u7f8e\u672f\u5927\u5956<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2011    ICI\u4e4b\u6b64 \u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c55\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u6602\u8d1d\u5c14\u5e02\u5c55\u89c8\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2010    \u53f0\u6e7e\u7b2c\u5341\u56db\u5c4a\u56fd\u9645\u7248\u753b\u53cc\u5e74\u5c55\u5165\u9009<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2010    You Are Here \u7248\u753b\u4e2a\u5c55\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u897f\u96c5\u56feSev Shoon\u753b\u5eca<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2010    You Are Here \u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u7248\u753b\u53cc\u57ce\u5c55\uff0c\u6b66\u6c49\u81f3\u89c2\u827a\u672f\u7ed8\u9986<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2009    \u7b2c\u5341\u4e00\u5c4a\u5168\u56fd\u7f8e\u5c55\u63d0\u540d\u5956\u3001\u7b2c\u5341\u4e00\u5c4a\u6e56\u5317\u7701\u7f8e\u5c55\u91d1\u5956<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2008    \u4e0a\u6d77\u534a\u5c9b\u7f8e\u672f\u9986\u4e2a\u5c55<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2008    \u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u7248\u753b\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c55\uff0c\u5317\u4eac798\u827a\u672f\u56ed\u533a\u97f5\u753b\u5eca<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2008   \u201c\u57ce\u4e8b\u201d20\u5e74\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2a\u5c55\uff0c\u6b66\u6c49\u7f8e\u83b2\u793e\u827a\u672f\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2007   \u201c\u9002\u610f\u4e4b\u95f4\u201d\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u7248\u753b\u4e0e\u7eb8\u4e0a\u827a\u672f\u5c55\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fdGonzaga\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u7f8e\u672f\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b66<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2006    \u53f0\u6e7e\u7b2c\u5341\u4e8c\u5c4a\u56fd\u9645\u7248\u753b\u4e0e\u7d20\u63cf\u53cc\u5e74\u5c55\u5165\u9009\u5956<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2004    \u9996\u5c4a\u7f8e\u672f\u6587\u732e\u63d0\u540d\u5c55\u63d0\u540d\u5956<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2004   \u201c\u9002\u610f\u4e4b\u95f4\u201d\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u6728\u7248\u753b\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c55\uff0c\u6b66\u6c49\u7c73\u5170\u753b\u5eca<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2004   \u201c\u53cc\u91cd\u6027\u201d\u5f53\u4ee3\u827a\u672f\u5c55\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5723\u83f2\u7f8e\u672f\u9986<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2003    \u5317\u4eac\u56fd\u9645\u7248\u753b\u53cc\u5e74\u5c55<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2003    \u4e2d\u56fd\u5f53\u4ee3\u6728\u7248\u753b\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f26\u6566\u5927\u82f1\u56fe\u4e66\u9986<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2003    \u65e5\u672c\u5c71\u68a8\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u56de\u7248\u753b\u5c55\u6559\u80b2\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5956<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2002    \u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u6728\u7248\u753b\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c55\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u9662<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2002    \u7b2c\u5341\u516d\u5c4a\u5168\u56fd\u7248\u753b\u5c55\u94dc\u5956<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1999    \u4e2d\u56fd\u5f53\u4ee3\u9752\u5e74\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c55\u4e00\u7b49\u5956<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1999    80\u201490\u5e74\u4ee3\u6770\u51fa\u7248\u753b\u5bb6\u9c81\u8fc5\u7248\u753b\u5956<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1994    \u7b2c\u5341\u4e8c\u5c4a\u5168\u56fd\u7248\u753b\u5c55\u94dc\u5956<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u753b\u518c\u4e13\u8457<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2018  \u300a\u8d70\u5411\u8352\u539f\u2014\u2014\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u7eb8\u4e0a\u4f5c\u54c1\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u4e91\u5357\u7f8e\u672f\u51fa\u7248\u793e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2015  \u300a\u666f\u89c2\uff1a\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u5199\u751f\u4f5c\u54c1\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u6e56\u5317\u7f8e\u672f\u51fa\u7248\u793e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2012  \u300a\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u4f5c\u54c1\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u6cb3\u5317\u7f8e\u672f\u51fa\u7248\u793e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2007  \u300a\u5317\u6e1a\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\u2014\u2014\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u7248\u753b\u4e0e\u7eb8\u4e0a\u4f5c\u54c1\u96c6\u300b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2005  \u300a\u9002\u610f\u4e4b\u95f4\u2014\u2014\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u6728\u7248\u753b\u4f5c\u54c1\u96c6\u300b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2000  \u300a\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167\u7248\u753b\u4f5c\u54c1\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u827a\u672f\u51fa\u7248\u793e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1999  \u300a\u6728\u7248\u753b\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\u300b\uff0c\u6e56\u5317\u7f8e\u672f\u51fa\u7248\u793e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3b\u8981\u6536\u85cf<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5927\u82f1\u535a\u7269\u9986\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u7f8e\u672f\u9986\u3001\u4e2d\u592e\u7f8e\u672f\u5b66\u9662\u7f8e\u672f\u9986\u3001 \u5317\u4eac\u9c81\u8fc5\u535a\u7269\u9986\u3001\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7f8e\u672f\u9986\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u6b27\u6d32\u6728\u7248\u753b\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u3001\u9999\u6e2f\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u9662\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u5c71\u68a8\u7248\u753b\u5bb6\u534f\u4f1a\u3001\u6e56\u5317\u7f8e\u672f\u9986\u3001\u6b66\u6c49\u7f8e\u672f\u9986\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u963f\u4ec0\u83ab\u6797\u535a\u7269\u9986\u3001\u53f0\u6e7e\u7f8e\u672f\u9986\u3001\u7f8e\u56fdGonzaga\u5927\u5b66Jundt\u827a\u672f\u535a\u7269\u9986\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u5b66\u9662\u3001\u9c81\u8fc5\u7f8e\u672f\u5b66\u9662\u7f8e\u672f\u9986\u3001\u6d59\u6c5f\u7f8e\u672f\u9986\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u7248\u753b\u535a\u7269\u9986\u3001\u4e0a\u6d77\u7f8e\u672f\u9986\u3001\u8d35\u9633\u7f8e\u672f\u9986\u3001\u6c5f\u82cf\u7f8e\u672f\u9986\u3001\u9ed1\u9f99\u6c5f\u7f8e\u672f\u9986\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u7b56\u5c55\u4eba\uff1a\u5f20\u5e7f\u6167 | \u51fa\u54c1\u4eba\uff1a\u5218\u660e | \u5c55\u671f\uff1a2024.12.31 – 2025.5.10<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11901,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[260],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11749","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-exhibitons"],"blocksy_meta":{"disable_related_posts":"yes","disable_footer":"yes","disable_posts_navigation":"yes","disable_author_box":"yes","disable_post_tags":"yes","disable_share_box":"yes","styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":6}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meishuwenxian.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11749","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meishuwenxian.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meishuwenxian.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meishuwenxian.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meishuwenxian.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11749"}],"version-history":[{"count":37,"href":"https:\/\/www.meishuwenxian.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11749\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12156,"href":"https:\/\/www.meishuwenxian.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11749\/revisions\/12156"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meishuwenxian.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11901"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meishuwenxian.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11749"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meishuwenxian.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11749"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meishuwenxian.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11749"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}